Trends in Endometrial Cancer Incidence and Mortality by Race/Ethnicity, and Age Among Women Aged ≥20 Years-United States, 2000-2019

Abstract

Abstract Background: Endometrial cancer is one of the most common tumors in women. Its incidence has increased significantly in the past three decades, while mortality has fallen. Both trends varied by age and race/ethnicity. Methods: Incidence and mortality rates of endometrial cancer were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registry program. Trends were quantified by average annual percent change and annual percentage changes, using the Joinpoint program. Results: Overall, 217,228 patients with endometrial cancer were included in the incidence analysis and 45,812 deaths were included in the mortality analysis. The overall incidence rate was 32.76 cases per 100,000 person-years and the incidence-based mortality was 20.57 deaths per 100,000 person-years. The overall incidence rate increased by 0.95% annually from 2000 to 2019, while mortality rate increased by 0.29% per year only from 2005 to 2019. Incidence rates increased rapidly from 2000 to 2019 in all racial/ethnic groups, except for non-Hispanic white, which increased 1.2% annually only from 2003 to 2016. The incidence of young and middle-aged women increased rapidly, while the incidence of elderly women decreased significantly (AAPC = -1.28%). Similarly, the mortality rates of endometrial cancer in young and middle-aged women were increasing significantly. Conclusions: Incidence and mortality of endometrial cancer varied significantly by age group and race/ethnicity. Their trends showed that the incidence and mortality of young and middle-aged women increased rapidly from 2000 to 2019. Although non-Hispanic whites accounted for the overwhelming majority of cases, the trend was relatively stable compared with other ethnic groups. These findings may provide evidence for future exploration of risk factors for endometrial cancer as well as uncovering health disparities among women.