Vaccination protects against acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in hospitalized patients with COVID-19-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Vaccination protects against acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in hospitalized patients with COVID-19

Published:2023-11-14 Issue: Volume: Page:
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Author:

Madrid Julian¹,Agarwal Prerana²,Müller-Peltzer Katharina²,Askani Marvin³,Benning Leo⁴,Selig Mischa⁵,Diehl Philipp¹,Kalbhenn Johannes⁶,Trummer Georg⁷,Utzolino Stefan⁸,Wengenmeyer Tobias⁹,Busch Hans-Jörg⁴,Stolz Daiana¹⁰,Rieg Siegbert¹¹,Panning Marcus¹²,Schlett Christopher L.²,Bamberg Fabian²,Askani Esther²

Affiliation:

1. Department of Cardiology, Pneumology, Angiology, Acute Geriatrics and Intensive Care, Ortenau Klinikum

2. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg

3. Department of Protestant Theology, Faculty of Theology – University of Heidelberg

4. University Emergency Center, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg

5. G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Fr

6. Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg

7. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg

8. Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg

9. Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg

10. Clinic of Respiratory Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg

11. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine II, Medical Center –University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg

12. Institute for Virology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg

Abstract

Abstract Background: COVID-19 can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to a dysregulated immune response and direct lung damage. Vaccination against COVID-19 bears potential to reduce ARDS prevalence in COVID-19. This study aimed to analyze the effect of COVID-19 vaccination on the occurrence of ARDS in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Methods: The study population of this retrospective, single-center cohort study consisted of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with known vaccination status and chest computed tomography (CT) imaging between July 2021 and February 2022. The onset of ARDS was assessed using the Berlin definition. The impact of vaccination on ARDS in COVID-19 patients was assessed through logistic regression adjusting for demographic differences and confounding factors with statistical differences determined using confidence intervals and effect sizes. Results: A total of 167 patients (69% male, average age 58 years, 95% CI [55; 60], 42% fully vaccinated) was included in the data analysis. Vaccinated COVID-19 patients had a reduced relative risk (RR) of developing ARDS (RR: 0.40, 95% CI [0.21; 0.62]). Consequently, non-vaccinated hospitalized patients had a 2.5-fold higher probability of developing ARDS. This risk reduction persisted after adjusting for several confounding variables (RR: 0.64, 95% CI [0.29; 0.94]) in multivariate analysis. The number needed to treat to prevent one ARDS onset in hospitalized COVID-19 patients was three patients. The protective effect of COVID-19 vaccination increased with ARDS severity (RR: 0.61, 95% CI [0.37; 0.92]). Particularly, middle-aged patients (around 50 years old) were at risk for ARDS onset and seemed to benefit from COVID-19 vaccination (RR: 0.51, 95% CI [0.20; 0.90]). Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccination showed to reduce the risk of ARDS occurrence in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, with a particularly strong effect in middle-aged patients and those with more severe ARDS.

Publisher

Research Square Platform LLC

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