Quantitation and correlation of selected nutrients in the soil, foliar, stem and root of edible weed, Talinum Paniculatum around University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa

Abstract

Abstract The use of wild edible herbs as leafy vegetables is notably prevalent in South Africa, where they are commonly prepared as potherbs alongside cornmeal or incorporated into side dishes. However, Talinum Paniculatum (T. Paniculatum), a wild edible herb, remains relatively obscure and underappreciated compared to introduced non-native vegetables. It needs increased attention, given its status as a ubiquitous weed and its potential to meet daily human nutritional needs. This study aimed to assess the nutrient content in the soil, foliage, stem, and roots of the edible weed T. Paniculatum in the vicinity of the University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. Additionally, the study sought to establish correlations between nutrient levels in foliar and soil samples. Triplicates of plant matter and soil samples were collected from campus, roadside, and riverside sites, carefully prepared, and analyzed following the standardized protocols. Results were compared against FAO/WHO standard limits to determine compliance status. Notably, compliant levels of Fe, Cu, Zn, and Na were observed in the foliar samples across all three sampling sites. However, levels of Ca and K fell within tolerable limits only in campus and riverside samples, respectively. It is noteworthy, that the foliar samples exhibited an average gross calorific value of 0.6561 kcal/g. Conversely, levels of Mn, Mg, and Pb exceeded permissible limits as stipulated by standards. Soil analysis revealed that pH, Fe, Cu (except in campus samples), Mn, Zn, and Pb were within permissible limits. Nevertheless, concentrations of Ca, Na, Mg, and K surpassed tolerable levels. This comprehensive examination sheds light on the nutritional potential of T. Paniculatum, emphasizing the importance of recognizing and harnessing the benefits of this underutilized wild edible herb.