Depression and associated factors in adolescent high school pupils in Hossana, central Ethiopia

Abstract

Abstract Background Depression is a frequent mental health issue in adolescence, marked by lack of interest or pleasure, persistent melancholy, weariness, and poor focus, which can impair an individual's ability to perform at work, school, or in daily life. Despite this, there is a scarcity of data on the magnitude and determinants of depression among teenagers in Hossana, central Ethiopia.Methods Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from September 05 to 30/2022. Totally 512 participants were selected by using multi-stage sampling technique. Structured self-administered questionnaire was used in data collection. The data was entered into Epi Data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. The data was analyzed by using binary logistic regression to see association between independent variables and dependent variable. Crude and adjusted odds ratios with their 95% confidence intervals was calculated and Variables having p value < 0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression was considered as significantly associated.Result The prevalence of depression was 171(34.3%), 95% CI (30.15, 38.52); of which 116 (23.3%) respondents had mild, 46(9.2%) had moderate, 8(1.6%) had moderately severe and 1(0.2%) had extremely severe depression. Father educational status [AOR 2.26 (95% CI; 1.02, 4.97)], adverse childhood experience [AOR 1.90 (95% CI; 1.24, 2.91)], previous family history [AOR 1.54 (95% CI; 1.02, 2.33)] and poor social support [AOR 2.27(95% CI; 1.17, 4.41)] were significantly associated with depressionConclusion In the research area, one out of every three high school students experienced depression. Depression was substantially connected with a father's lack of education, unfavorable childhood experiences, past illness, and a lack of social support. As a result, school-based mental health services should be strengthened and appropriate interventions used to initiate and improve access to school-based mental health services.