Anxiety and Depression in Pediatric-Onset Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Anxiety and Depression in Pediatric-Onset Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review

Published:2023-06-01 Issue: Volume: Page:
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Author:

Mofatteh Mohammad¹^ORCID,Mashayekhi Mohammad Sadegh²,Arfaie Saman³,Chen Yimin⁴,Malhotra Armaan K.⁵,Skandalakis Georgios⁶,Alvi Mohammed Ali⁷,Afshari Fardad T.⁸,Meshkat Shakila⁹,Abdulla Ebtesam¹⁰,Anand Ayush¹¹,Liao Xuxing¹²,McIntyre Roger S.¹³,Santaguida Carlo³,Weber Michael H.¹⁴,Fehlings Michael G.¹⁵

Affiliation:

1. School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, UK

2. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

3. Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

4. Department of Neurology, Foshan Sanshui District People’s Hospital, Foshan, China

5. Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, ON, Canada

6. First Department of Neurosurgery, Evangelismos General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece

7. Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

8. Department of Neurosurgery, Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK

9. Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

10. Department of Neurosurgery, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Bahrain

11. B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal

12. Department of Neurosurgery, Foshan Sanshui District People's Hospital, Foshan, China

13. Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

14. Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada

15. Division of Neurosurgery and Spinal Program, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

Abstract

Abstract Background and aim Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is a debilitating neurological condition with significant long-term consequences on the mental health and wellbeing of affected individuals. We aimed to investigate anxiety and depression in individuals with pediatric-onset TSCI. Methods PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to December 20th, 2022 following the PRISMA guidelines and studies were included according to the eligibility criteria. Results 1,013 articles were screened, and 18 studies with 4,234 individuals were included in the final review. 1,613 individuals (38.1%) had paraplegia, whereas 1658 (39.2%) had tetraplegia. 1,831 participants (43.2%) had complete TSCI, whereas 1024 (24.2%) had incomplete TSCI. The most common etiology of TSCI with 1,545 people (36.5%) was motor vehicle accidents. The youngest mean age at the time of injury was 5.92 ± 4.92 years, whereas the oldest was 14.6 ± 2.8 years. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was the most common psychological assessment used in 9 studies (50.0%). Various risk factors, including pain in 4 studies (22.2%), reduced sleep quality, reduced functional independence, illicit drug use, incomplete injury, hospitalization, reduced quality of life, and duration of injury in 2 (11.1%) studies, each, were associated with elevated anxiety and depression. Conclusions Different biopsychosocial risk factors contribute to elevated rates of anxiety and depression among individuals with pediatric-onset TSCI. Individuals at risk of developing anxiety and depression should be identified, and targeted support should be provided. Future large-scale studies with long-term follow-up are required to validate and extend these findings.

Publisher

Research Square Platform LLC

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