Clinical factors associated with acute abdominal symptoms induced by gastric anisakiasis: A multicenter retrospective cohort study

Author:

Okagawa Yutaka1,Sumiyoshi Tetsuya1,Imagawa Takayuki2,Sakano Hiroya3,Tamura Fumito4,Arihara Yohei5,Kanari Yusuke6,Sakurada Akira7,Oiwa Shutaro8,Jin Takashi9,Tomita Yusuke1,Minami Shinya8,Hisai Hiroyuki3,Muramatsu Hirohito2,Katsuki Shinichi7,Maeda Masahiro5,Kondo Hitoshi1

Affiliation:

1. Tonan Hospital

2. Rumoi Municipal Hospital

3. Japanese Red Cross Date Hospital

4. Sapporo Kiyota Hospital

5. Steel Memorial Muroran Hospital

6. Chitose City Hospital

7. Otaru Ekisaikai Hospital

8. Oji General Hospital

9. Rishiri Island National Health Insurance Center Hospital

Abstract

Abstract Background Gastric anisakiasis typically causes severe abdominal symptoms; however, we incidentally detected asymptomatic gastric anisakiasis cases during esophagogastroduodenoscopy. The factors associated with developing acute abdominal symptoms induced by gastric anisakiasis remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the clinical factors associated with abdominal symptoms of gastric anisakiasis by comparing symptomatic and asymptomatic cases. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study involving 264 patients diagnosed with gastric anisakiasis at nine hospitals in Japan between October 2015 and October 2021. We analyzed patients’ medical records and endoscopic images and compared the clinical factors between the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups. Results One hundred sixty-five patients (77.8 %) were diagnosed with abdominal symptoms, whereas 47 (22.2 %) were asymptomatic. Older age, male sex, diabetes mellitus, gastric mucosal atrophy, and gastric mucosal atrophy of the Anisakis penetrating area were significantly more common in the asymptomatic group than in the symptomatic group. Multivariate analysis revealed that age (p=0.007), sex (p=0.017), and presence or absence of mucosal atrophy (p=0.033) were independent factors for the occurrence of acute abdominal symptoms. In addition, cases that were Helicobacter pylori naïve, with an elevation of white blood cells, or without an elevation of eosinophils were more common in the symptomatic group than in the asymptomatic group. Conclusions Age, sex, and presence or absence of gastric mucosal atrophy were the clinical factors associated with the occurrence of acute abdominal symptoms. Older and male patients and those with gastric mucosal atrophy were less likely to show abdominal symptoms. The mechanisms of the occurrence of symptoms induced by gastric anisakiasis remain unclear; however, our results will help clarify this issue in the future.

Publisher

Research Square Platform LLC

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4. First case of human anisakiasis in Poland;Kołodziejczyk L;Parasitol Int,2020

5. Gastro-allergic anisakiasis: The first case reported in Colombia and a literature review;Patiño JA;Biomedica.,2019

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