Microorganism profile and antimicrobial resistance pattern of pathogenic bacteria in urinary tract infection from a tertiary pediatrics hospital in Henan, China

Abstract

Abstract Background: To describe the distribution of urinary tract infection (UTI) pathogens and their changes of antimicrobial resistance in the Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, China. Methods: We performed a retrospective study on inpatient with UTI from Jan 1, 2015 to Dec 31, 2020. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted by Kirby-Bauer automated systems, and results were interpreted using CLSI criteria. Results: Totally 1,309 strains were isolated from 1,236 children with UTIs, the most common pathogen was Escherichia coli (26.89%), followed by Enterococcus faecium (20.63%), Enterococcus faecalis (16.42%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (7.79%). The detection ratio of E. coli decreased significantly (31.00% vs 20.06%, P=0.03); The resistance rate of E. coli to ceftriaxone in 2018 was as high as 79.59%, E. coli was relatively sensitive to amikacin, imipenem, nitrofurantoin, and Cefoperazone/Sulbactam, the resistance rates to these drugs in 2020 were 6.45%, 11.29%, 3.23%, and 14.25 respectively; The resistance rate of Enterococcus to gentamicin of high concentrations changed statistically from 2015 to 2020 (P <0.05), the resistance rate of E. faecium was the highest in 2019, which was 56.60%, and that of E. faecalis was the highest in 2018, which was 33.33 %. Conclusion: Our results showed that most isolates showed high levels of resistance to commonly used antibiotics, the overall antimicrobial resistance rate was highest in 2017-2018 and showed a downward trend in 2019-2020. Individualized treatment plans should be formulated based on drug susceptibility test results to curb the spread and prevalence of resistant bacteria.