Composite Based on Babassu (Orbignya SP.) Mesocarp Residue and Palygorskite as Bioplastic

Abstract

Abstract The solid waste generated by the disposal of plastic materials has become one of society's major problems in recent years. In this sense, several researchers have sought alternatives to minimize environmental pollution. A promising option would be using natural materials, biopolymers, or a mixture of these, also known as composites. In this study, composite films were prepared based on babassu mesocarp (BM) and palygorskite clay mineral (Pal), using the casting technique, as well as the plasticizers sodium alginate (SA) and glycerol (Gl). The films obtained were called BM/SA/Gl/Pal, and for comparison were prepared films containing BM or SA and BM/SA/Gl too. The films presented uniform color, smooth and shiny surfaces, and no fissures. FTIR analysis indicated possible interactions between clay and matrix. The SEM analysis showed that the BM film presented more significant surface irregularity. In contrast, the BM/SA/Gl/Pal film gave a more regular topography and excellent thermal stability. Finally, the BM/SA/Gl/Pal film showed more promising results when compared to the others and is considered an attractive material for use in biodegradable packaging.