Analyzing the changing trend of corneal biomechanical properties under different influencing factors in T2DM patients

Abstract

Abstract Objective To analyze the changing trend of corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF) values under different influencing factors in T2DM patients.Purpose All patients underwent the ophthalmoscopy and fundus nuorescein angiography(FFA). A total of 650 patients with T2DM visited The First People’s Hospital of Ziyang from February 2022 to March 2023 were included. Logistic linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the independent risk factors of gender, age, course of T2DM, hypertension, smoking, drinking, BMI, systolic blood pressure(SBP) and diastolic blood pressure(DBP), fasting blood glucose(FBG), cholesterol(TC), triglycerides(TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and hemoglobin (Hb)A1c related with T2DM. At the same time, according to the course of T2DM, FBG, DR stage, HbA1c (%) and other different pathological changes, the CH and CRF values were measured by the ocular response analyzer (ORA), and the change trend of their values was analyzed.Results In this study, we discovered that the course of T2DM, smoking history, BMI, FBG, DR, HbA1c, TC, TG, LDL-C were common risk factors for T2DM, while HDL-C was a protective factor, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). With the prolongation of T2DM, the increase of FBG, and the accumulation of HbA1C, the values of CH and CRF gradually decreased, especially in HbA1c (%) > 12, the values of CH (1.85 ± 0.33)mmHg and CRF(1.28 ± 0.69)mmHg decreased the most. Compared with the Non-DR group, the CH and CRF values gradually decreased in the mild-NPDR, moderate-NPDR, severe-NPDR and PDR groups, with the lowest CH and CRF values in the PDR group. Analysis of variance between groups showed statistically significant differences in CH and CRF values (P < 0.05).Conclusion In patients with T2DM, early measurement of corneal biomechanical properties by ORA so as to evaluate the change trend of CH and CRF values in different situations will help to identify and prevent diabetic keratopathy as soon as possible.