Strain-specific Features of Pleurotus Osreatus Growth in Vitro and Some of Its Biological Activities

Abstract

Abstract Pleurotus ostreatus mycelium is widely used as a base for a variety of food and other products. This study focuses on P. ostreatus strains, increasing the production of their mycelium, studying some valuable biological properties in order to select the best strain. Using of nutrient media based on combination of natural waste (amaranth flour cake and wheat germ, wheat bran, chopped vermicelli and crumbs) has been increased the yield of P. ostreatus strains mycelium by 2.2–2.9 times compared to the control. P. ostreatus strains 551 and 1685 were more receptive to positive assimilation of all investigated growth regulators Ivin, Methyur and Kamethur used in concentrations ranged from 10− 6 to 10− 9 M (mol/l). The highest radical scavenging effect displayed by P. ostreatus 1685 (61 and 56%) and both of its mycelial extracts (EtOH and EtOAc) showed high phenolic content (7.17 and 6.73 mg of GAE/g). The maximal TPC (7.52 mg of GAE/g) demonstrated EtOH extract of P. ostreatus 2461. P. ostreatus 2462 is a high yielding strain that showed the maximum mycelial growth (15.0 ± 0.8 mm/day on PDA) on solid and liquid media and its EtOAc mycelial extract good inhibited growth of Escherichia coli (17.0 ± 0.9 mm). Mediocre growth had P. ostreatus 2460 but it can success suppressed Staphylococcus aureus growth (21.5 ± 0.5 mm). All used P. ostreatus strains displayed strong antagonistic activity in co-cultivation with Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, Issatchenkia orientalis, Fusarium poae, Microdochium nivalе. Among used strains, P. ostreatus 1685 is quite tolerant to growth conditions and the most promising culture.