Case Report on Hemangioma of The Urinary Bladder: two rare cases and literature review

Abstract

Abstract Background: Although hemangioma in the genitourinary system occurs relatively infrequently, bladder hemangioma has arisen during medical research. We describe two rare cases of urinary bladder hemangioma (UBH), in which was confirmed histopathology followed by Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and review the literature on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with this disease to raise awareness of urinary bladder hemangioma and appropriate management.Case presentation: A 41-year-old Chinese female presented with a sudden onset of painless gross hematuria for one month, Multi-Slice spiral computed tomography urography in the urological system showed the anterior and superior wall thickening of the bladder, multiple nodules and masses, exhibited multiple punctate calcifications and marked uneven enhancement. The second case is a 30-year-old female who was asymptomatic and incidentally founded a large bladder tumor during a routine examination from outside hospital, magnetic resonance imaging scan confirmed a 6.2cm x 6.9cm x 5.2cm soft tissue mass arising from the right anterior and superior wall of the bladder, which suggested the possibility of a benign bladder tumor. Postoperative pathology confirmed the diagnosis of urinary bladder hemangioma. The radical cystectomy was performed with open-methods surgery associated with an abdominal wall ostomy of the ileal outlet tract for case 1. And case 2 finally underwent a Laparoscopic partial cystectomy. Hematuria resolved postoperatively and no evidence of tumor recurrence in three year follow-ups for case 1. Postoperative urinary and pelvic ultrasonography showed no signs of recurrence in three months follow-ups for case 2.Conclusion: Urinary bladder hemangioma is a benign non-urothelial tumor that rarely occurred in pediatric and adolescent patients . Clinical and radiological examinations are not adequate for an accurate diagnosis. Careful histopathological and immunohistochemical studies are required to establish the correct diagnosis. There is no ‘gold standard’ treatment for UBH, treatment options are varied for individuals with favorable follow-ups.