Can Triglyceride/Glucose Index (TyG) and Triglyceride/HDL-Cholesterol Ratio (TG/HDL-c) Predict Diabetes in Pregnant Women?

Abstract

Abstract Purpose In this study, we investigated whether the Triglyceride/Glucose index(TyG) and Triglyceride/HDL-Cholesterol Ratio(TG/HDL-c) are measured in the first trimester, if it can give an idea about gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods Twenty-five patients diagnosed with gestational diabetes and 52 control groups were included in the study. Insulin-controlled diabetes and diet-controlled diabetes were included in the GDM diagnoses. Fasting glucose and plasma lipid profiles measured in the first trimester, including TG, HDL-c, were noted and proportioned and evaluated by ROC analysis.Results Triglycerides (133 ± 40 mg/dL vs 100 ± 54 mg/dL), TyG index (15.0 ± 8.9 vs 8.8 ± 5.0), and TG/HDL-C ratio (3.3 ± 2.6 vs 1.9 ± 2.6) were significantly higher in the GDM group than in the control group (p = 0.01, p = 0.01, and p = 0.01, respectively). Mean newborn birth weight > 90. percentile was significantly higher in the GDM group than in the control group, although preterm births were more common (p = 0.02). The optimal cut off value for TyG index was 10.4, sensitivity was 76% (95% CI; 55–90), specificity was 77% (95% CI; 62–86), positive likelihood ratio was 3.04 (95% CI; 1.81–5.11), negative likelihood ratio was 0.32 (95% CI; 0.16–0.65), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.765. Optimal cut off value for TG/HDL-C ratio was 2.3, sensitivity was 76% (95% CI; 55–91), specificity was 69% (95% CI; 55–81), positive likelihood ratio was 2.47 (95% CI; 1.55–3.93%), negative likelihood ratio was 0.35 (95% CI; 0.17–0.71), and AUC was 0.697.Conclusions TyG and TG/HDL-C ratio measured in the first trimester are thought to predict GDM better than fasting plasma glucose.