MFNG promotes endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition mediated by the Notch signalling pathway during heart valve development

Author:

Yang Junjie1,Wang Zhi2,Zhou Yue2,Jiang Shiwei2,Qin Xiji2,Xu Zhikang2,Wang Yu1,Zuo Mengying2,Meng Zhuo2,Chen Sun2,Wang Qingjie2,Wang Jian2,Sun Kun1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College: Wenzhou Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital

2. Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine: Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Xinhua Hospital

Abstract

Abstract A fundamental event in the formation of heart valves involves the transformation of endocardial cells within the outflow tract (OFT) and atrioventricular canal (AVC) cushions through a process known as endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). Aberrant EndMT is a primary cause of congenital valvular malformations. Manic Fringe (MFNG) has been previously associated with cardiovascular development, although its role in heart valve development remains underexplored. In this study, we seek to enhance our understanding of MFNG's involvement in valve formation and its association with EndMT. Staining results of histological section revealed the expression of MFNG in the AVC and OFT during the E9.5-E11.5 period when EndMT takes place. Cellular data demonstrated that MFNG exerts a positive regulatory influence on the EndMT process, promoting endothelial cell migration by enhancing the activity of the Notch signalling pathway. MFNG knockdown mediated by antisense morpholino oligonucleotides(MO) injection caused abnormal heart development in zebrafish. Furthermore, through whole-exome sequencing (WES), we identified a heterozygous MFNG mutation in patients diagnosed with Tetralogy of Fallot-Pulmonary valve stenosis (TOF-PS). Cellular and molecular assays confirmed that this deleterious mutation reduced MFNG expression and hindered the EndMT process. In summary, our study verifies that MFNG plays a role in promoting EndMT mediated by the Notch signalling pathway during the development of heart valves. The MFNG deleterious variant induces MFNG loss of function, potentially elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms of MFNG's involvement in the pathogenesis of congenital heart valve defects. These observations contribute to the current genetic understanding of congenital heart valve disease and may provide a potential target for prenatal diagnosis and treatment.

Publisher

Research Square Platform LLC

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