Seeking information and services associated with reproductive health among rural Peruvian young adults: Exploratory qualitative research from Amazonas, Peru

Abstract

Abstract Background: Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) literacy allows young adults to make informed decisions about health outcomes. In Peru, roughly one fifth of the population lives in rural areas, and little is known about where young adults in rural areas get their SRH information. The aim of this study was to identify what motivates and influences young adults to seek information and care related to SRH in three rural communities in the highlands of Northern Peru. Methods: Five gender-stratified focus group discussions with a total of 24 participants, and nine follow-up interviews were conducted to generate in-depth narrative data and triangulate data from the target group. Participants were women and men aged 18-24. The focus group discussions and interviews explored sources of reproductive health information, the role of informal social networks, barriers to care, and primary health concerns of the target population. Results: Main findings include 1) The two greatest perceived SRH risks were unwanted pregnancy and abnormal discharge; 2) There appears to be limited concern about HIV or other sexually transmitted infections in the narratives; 3) There is a low quality of information concerning SRH, with discrepancies between the genders; 4) A broad spectrum of sources for SRH information were cited, including Internet, traditional healers, and specialized care; and varied by gender and life experience; 5) Having trust in a person was the primary variable associated with use of services and/or access to information for both men and women. However, men reported more embarrassment around seeking services and information, whereas women faced more physical barriers. Conclusions: There is a lack of SRH information among young adults in some communities in the northern highlands of Peru. Both schools and health centers were noted as being trusted and established information sources for all genders so could be a key resource to explore as a way to disseminate information.