Separation and Cultivation of Calcified Nanoparticles in Gallstones: A Related Study

Abstract

This study aims to explore effective and feasible methods for the separation and cultivation of calcified nanoparticles using obtained gallstones as an example. It also investigates the relationship between calcified nanoparticles and the formation of gallstones. These findings provide a fundamental basis for further research on the characteristics and applications of calcified nanoparticles. Methods: 1. Twenty gallstone samples were surgically collected from patients at the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University between March and May 2023. Informed consent: Informed consent has been obtained from all individuals included in this study. Ethical approval:The research related to human use complies with all relevant national regulations and institutional policies, adhering to the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. All methods are conducted in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. It has also been approved by the Institutional Review Board of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi Medical University.(approval number: KJX2022-107-01, date: 2022/1/10). 2. Gallstone specimens underwent hydrochloric acid demineralization and bacterial filtration methods to isolate calcified nanoparticles. 3. The isolated calcified nanoparticles were cultured in a cell culture incubator for four weeks. A comparison was made with a blank control group to observe the presence of white precipitates at the bottom of the tube. 4. Purified calcified nanoparticles were collected and analyzed using electron microscopy. Results: 1. Calcified nanoparticles were successfully isolated and extracted from gallstone specimens. 2. The presence of calcified nanoparticles suggests their potential contribution to gallstone formation. 3. Elemental analysis of calcified nanoparticles revealed the predominance of inorganic components such as calcium, phosphorus, and silicon. Conclusion: Calcified nanoparticles have been identified in gallstones and may play a significant role in the formation of gallstones. However, the exact nature and mechanism of calcified nanoparticles in stone-related diseases are yet to be fully understood. Therefore, further research is required to explore and elucidate the role of calcified nanoparticles in gallstone formation.