Biostratigraphy, Paleoenvironment and Hydrocarbon Potential of Fika Member of Pindiga Formation, Gongola Sub-basin, Northern Benue Trough, Ne Nigeria

Abstract

The Fika Member, a crucial stratigraphic unit within the Pindiga Formation, represents a significant geological entity with substantial implications for understanding the regional paleoenvironmental evolution and hydrocarbon prospectivity. This study integrates biostratigraphic analyses, sedimentological investigations, and hydrocarbon potential assessments to elucidate the depositional history, paleoenvironmental conditions, and source rock prospect of the Fika Member. Facies and their stratigraphical distribution analyses were conducted on the Fika Shale exposed mainly at Gabukka Stream 1 and 2. Twenty (20) samples collected were subjected for standard palynological and foraminifera analyses. A standard method of palynomorphs extraction that involves the use of Hydrofluoric and Hydrochloric acid was employed. For foraminifera analysis, washing and sieving method was used. It was found that agglutinated foraminifera are the dominance taxa in ten (10) out the twenty (20) samples studied. Based on the colours of the agglutinated foraminiferal and Foraminiferal Color Index (FCI) values suggest low thermal maturity for both oil and gas generation. The foraminiferal assemblages indicate marginal marine (fluvio marine) to shallow inner neritic environments. This is supported by the sedimentological data which indicates a shallow marine depositional environment. The biostratigraphic data suggest Santonian age for the Fika Member.