Novel Smart Chitosan-Based Formulations as Potential siRNA Nanocarriers for Breast Cancer Theranostic

Abstract

Abstract Cancer remains a major global health concern, particularly with breast cancer ranking among the topmost common forms. the development of effective and safe nanocarriers for siRNA delivery has gained significant attention in the field of cancer therapy. This study aims to develop an innovative smart drug formulation for precise siRNA delivery to breast cancer sites. The resulting formulation, encapsulating siRNA and exhibiting dual pH- and magnetic- responsive properties, present a potential solution. The integration of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) within chitosan microspheres, as carriers in magnetically driven drug delivery systems, holds promise for advancing biotherapeutic delivery strategies. This approach enables rapid, site-specific delivery of biotherapeutics facilitated by an external magnetic field. The chitosan coating provided pH-sensitive drug release, while glutaraldehyde and TPP crosslinking ensured bead stability. Successful synthesis evaluated and confirmed via several characterizations including SEM, TEM, DLS, FTIR, and EDS confirmed the formulation's suitability, paving the way for further optimization. Results showed high siRNA encapsulation, loading, and release for specific formulations, highlighting the potential of medium molecular weight chitosan. Chitosan type and crosslinker significantly influenced drug release patterns, while diverse profiles across batches emphasized the importance of precise formulation. These findings suggest that these microspheres have the potential to revolutionize breast cancer treatment by reducing side effects and enhancing therapeutic efficacy.