Association between triglyceride glucose index and subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Abstract Background Triglyceride glucose (TyG) index has been considered a new biomarker for diagnosis of angiocardiopathy and insulin resistance. However, the association of TyG index with subclinical left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction still lacks a comprehensive exploration. The study was carried out to examine this relationship in the asymptomatic with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods 150 T2DM cases with preserved LV ejection fraction (LVEF ≥ 50%) from June 2021 to December 2021 were enrolled in this study. The subclinical LV function was evaluated through global longitudinal strain (GLS), with the pre-defined GLS < 18% as the cutoff for subclinical LV systolic dysfunction. The TyG index calculation was achieved according to ln (fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2), which was then stratified into 4 quartiles (TyG-Q). Results The analyses of baseline characteristics in the four TyG-Q (Q1 (TyG ≤ 8.89) n = 38, Q2 (8.89 < TyG ≤ 9.44) n = 37, Q3 (9.44 < TyG ≤ 9.83) n = 38, and Q4 (TyG > 9.83) n = 37) were conducted. A negative correlation of TyG index with GLS (r=-0.307, P < 0.001) was revealed according to correlation analysis. After the gender and age adjusted in multi-model logistic regression analysis, the higher TyG index (OR 6.86; 95% CI 2.44 to 19.30; P < 0.001, Q4 vs Q1) showed a significant association with GLS < 18%, which was still maintained after further adjustment for related clinical confounding factors (OR 5.15, 95%CI 1.13 to 23.39, p = 0.034, Q4 vs Q1). Receiver operator characteristic analysis indicated a diagnostic capacity of TyG index for GLS < 18% (area under curve: 0.678; P < 0.001). Conclusions Higher TyG index had a significant association with the subclinical LV systolic dysfunction in asymptomatic T2DM patients, with the potential to exert prognostic value for the progression of myocardial damage.