Bivariate binary logistic regression analysis on optimal antenatal care visits and timing of antenatal care initiation among reproductive age women in Ethiopia; evidence from 2019 Ethiopian mini demographic health survey

Abstract

Abstract Background Maternal and neonatal mortality is a significant public health issue that reflects the overall status of a country’s healthcare system and socioeconomic development. ANC remains one way to reduce maternal and neonatal deaths. Thus, the goal of this study is to run a bivariate binary logistic regression model that takes into account the possible dependency of optimal ANC visits and timing of ANC initiation. Methods The data came from the DHS program's measurements. A total of 5,492 women were involved in this study. Given the effect of other predictors, a bivariate binary logistic regression model is used to assess the relationship between optimal ANC visits and timing of ANC initiation. Results The prevalence of optimal ANC visits and timing of ANC initiation were 59.7% and 19.8%, respectively. The odds of timing ANC initiation and optimal ANC visits among women from households with middle and rich wealth status were 1.391 times (AOR = 1.391; 95%CI: 1.121–1.726), 2.047 times (AOR = 2.047; 95%CI: 1.669–2.511), 1.141 times (AOR = 1.141; 95%CI: 1.007–1.321), and 1.197 times (AOR = 1.197; 95%CI: 1.017–1.409), respectively, as compared to those from households with poor wealth status. The estimated odds ratio of timing ANC initiation among women who reside in rural areas was lower by 0.790 (AOR = 0.790; 95% CI: 0.652–0.957) as compared to women who reside in urban areas. Conclusion According to the results of bivariate logistic regression, maternal age, region, maternal education, wealth index, and total number of children ever born were common determinants of both optimal ANC visits and timing of ANC initiation, whereas place of residence and family size were significantly related to timing of ANC initiation. Finally, raising awareness and improving women's living conditions may increase antenatal care utilization. As a result, maternal mortality and morbidity can be reduced, and Ethiopia can meet the SDG target.