Cytomorphological changes in urine of Sudanese patients diagnosed with hepatitis B virus

Abstract

Abstract Background: Mean AgNOR can be used to detect cytological changes in urine of patients with hepatitis B. The study aimed to detect the cytomorphological changes in urine of patients with hepatitis B in Kassala State-Sudan. This were cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in Kassala hospitals. Cytological smears of exfoliative cells were collected from urine samples by sterile containers and the obtained materials were directly applied with Pap stain and AgNOR. The data were analyzed using SPSS statistical package software version 23.0. Results: A total of 100 samples were used in this study, 50 were considered as cases and 50 as control. The urine cytological results in cases were distributed as normal in 11 (22%), suspicious of malignancy in 15 (30%), and inflammation in 24 (48%). The control group showed urine cytological results as 47 (94%) normal, and 3 (6%) inflammation. The mean AgNOR in cases was 4.76 (SD 4. 173), and in control was 0.42 (SD 0.797). The correlation between cytological results and duration of hepatitis in case group showed statistical significance (r=+0.728, p=<0.01). The correlation between cytological results and residence. The correlation between cytological results and mean AgNOR (p=0.000). Conclusions: Mean of AgNOR can be used to detect cytological changes in urine. There is strong positive correlation between mean of AgNOR and cytological results and duration of hepatitis, age and residence.