What is the impact of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) gene polymorphism on gynecological malignancies: a retrospective study

Abstract

Abstract Background: Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) is a protein that inhibits the activation of plasminogen. Some studies investigated the associations between PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism and various cancers, but the results were inconsistent. So we aimed to observe the distribution of PAI-1 4G/5G genotypes in the patients of gynecological malignancies and gynecological benign tumors. To analyze the relationship between PAI-1 gene polymorphism and 4G/5G alleles with gynecological malignancies. Methods: Retrospectively analyzed 490 patients who underwent selective surgery from March 2022 to February 2023, in the obstetrics and gynecology department of Henan University People's Hospital. Patients subsequently were assigned into two groups, according to their postoperative pathologies. The malignancy group was 245 patients whose postoperative pathologies were gynecological malignant tumors and 245 patients whose postoperative pathological diagnosis was gynecological benign tumors were regarded as control group. We collected PAI-1 4G/5G genotypes in both groups of patients, compared baseline data and PAI-1 4G/5G genotypes between patients in the malignancy group and the control group. We analyzed the association between PAI-1 4G/5G genotypes and gynecological malignant tumors. All data analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0, variables were compared by the Wilcoxon rank sum test and χ2 test. Results: The distribution of PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism was quite different between patients in the malignancy group and the control group (P＜0.001), and 4G allelic frequency was quite different in the patients with malignancies and benign tumors (P＜0.001), and 4G allelic frequency was significantly higher in the patients with malignancies than in the control group. Conclusion: Our data suggested that there was a correlation between PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism and gynecological malignancies, and the frequency of the PAI-1 4G/4G genotype and 4G allele was significantly higher in the patients with malignancies than in the control group.