Trends in distribution of harm-reducing equipment for people who inject drugs in Norway, 2016-2022. A nationwide data collection

Abstract

Harm-reducing strategies are interventions designed to mitigate the adverse effects of substance use when abstinence is not a feasible option. Evidence supports the effectiveness and efficacy of harm reduction as a broad framework for addressing illicit drug use. To ensure the implementation of these measures, Alcohol and Drug Research Western Norway was mandated by the Norwegian Directorate of Health in 2016 to annually assess municipalities' adherence to harm-reduction guidelines. This study aims to present national trends in the distribution of harm-reducing equipment in Norway from 2016 to 2022. Specifically, we investigated the proportion of distributing municipalities, additional equipment distributed, and the population coverage. Our findings indicate an increased coverage in the distribution of harm-reducing equipment in Norway between 2016 and 2022. This positive trend demonstrates progress in addressing the negative consequences of drug use and aligns with Norwegian national strategies to mitigate drug-related harms. Future research should evaluate the effectiveness of these harm-reduction strategies and identify areas for improvement within the Norwegian context, especially related to use of opioid analgesics.