"Selected fungicides as potential EDC estrogenic micropollutants in the environment"
Author:
Jabłońska-Trypuć Agata1, Wydro Urszula1, Wołejko Elżbieta1, Makuła Marcin2, Krętowski Rafał3, Naumowicz Monika4, Sokołowska Gabriela1, Serra-Majem Lluis5, Pasko Marzanna Cechowska –3, Łozowicka Bożena6, Kaczyński Piotr6, Wiater Józefa1
Affiliation:
1. Bialystok University of Technology 2. Medical University of Silesia 3. Medical University of Bialystok 4. University of Bialystok 5. University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 6. Institute of Plant Protection – National Research Institute
Abstract
Abstract
An increasing level of pesticides exposition is being observed as a result of the consumption of large amounts of fruit, vegetables and grain products, which are key components of the vegetarian diet. Fungicides have been classified as a endocrine-disrupting compounds, but their mechanisms of action have not yet been clarified. The effect of boscalid (B), cyprodinil (C) and iprodione (I) combined with Tamoxifen (T) and 17β-estradiol (E2) on cell viability, cell proliferation, reporter gene expression, ROS content, cell membrane’s function, cell morphology and antioxidant enzymes gene expression on MCF-7 and T47D-KBluc cell lines were investigated. Cell lines were chosen due to their response to 17β -estradiol. Selected fungicides are commonly used in Poland to protect crops against fungi. Our results revealed that studied fungicides caused significant increase in cell viability and proliferation and estrogenic activity was present in all studied compounds depending on their concentrations. Oxidative stress activated uncontrolled cancer cell proliferation by inducing ROS production and by inhibiting antioxidant defense. Our findings verified that studied fungicides could possibly exhibit endocrine disrupting properties and exposure should be avoided.
Publisher
Research Square Platform LLC
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