Technological Profile of Small-diameter Forest Species in a Managed Area in the Amazon

Abstract

Abstract The use of wood from small-diameter species is still restricted, and knowledge of its characteristics is limited. In this context, the objective of this study was to characterize the technological properties of eight species of small diameters of greater occurrence in the Central Amazon to indicate sustainable use. Samples were obtained from a managed area of secondary forest (Amazonas/Brazil). 24 trees (diameter ≤ 50 cm) were selected for the determination of chemical and physicomechanical properties. The highest concentrations of extractives and total polyphenols were detected for Eschweilera odora (7.08 and 2.63%), and lignin and cellulose were detected for Micrandropsis scleroxylon (34.80%) and Byrsonima crispa (55.62%). For the physical-mechanical properties, the average moisture content was 12.84%. For density, the species were classified in the medium to high range (0.56-0.93 g/cm3). In general, the studied species presented a high calorific value (~4,907 cal/g), and Eschweilera truncata presented higher mechanical strength (modulus of elasticity 17,350 MPa; modulus of rupture 173.93 MPa). The multivariate analysis using the K-means algorithm, based on the centroid of the data, indicated the formation of five groups, where the group of Eschweilera truncata was represented by higher values of MOE, MOR, and ash, while the group of Inga alba had characteristics of low-strength wood. The quality of the small-diameter wood studied here has the potential to be indicated for management since the technological characterization is a fundamental tool to assist decision-making in management plans that may indicate the use of new species in the forestry sector.