Comparison of the Antibacterial Properties of Resin Cements with and without the addition of Nanoparticles: A Systematic review and Meta-analysis

Abstract

Abstract Resin cement exhibits numerous therapeutic advantages in comparison to conventional luting materials. However, the effectiveness of its antibacterial properties remains uncertain. Nanotechnology provides a viable option, whereby the integration of nanoparticles (NPs) can potentially augment the antibacterial effectiveness of resin cement. The objective of this study is to conduct a comprehensive literature review and do a meta-analysis in order to assess the antibacterial effectiveness of incorporating nanoparticles into resin cement. A comprehensive search of the PubMed and Scopus databases up to September 12, 2023 was conducted in order to identify relevant scholarly articles that have examined and evaluated the antibacterial effectiveness of resin cement with and without the incorporation of nanoparticles (NPs). The systematic review and meta-analyses adhered to the PRISMA guidelines for reporting. The study was conducted using Review Manager (RevMan) version 5.4, and the results were evaluated and provided in terms of standardized mean difference (SMD) along with a matching 95% confidence interval. (CI). The search retrieved seven eligible studies. The analysis found that resin cement with NPs significantly reduced the colony forming unit (CFU) counts compared to resin cement without NPs (SMD = -4.91, 95% CI (-7.03, -2.78), P < 0.00001). Furthermore, resin cement, in addition to NPs, significantly reduced bacterial metabolic activity compared to the control group (SMD = -7.05, 95% CI (-10.43, -3.66), P < 0.0001). The use of nanoparticles (NPs) in resin cement has been shown to enhance its antibacterial properties, possibly mitigating the occurrence of secondary caries. Future clinical trials are required to validate the beneficial effects of NPs in conjunction with resin cement in the prevention of secondary caries.