­Ultrasonic implant site preparation vs conventional drilling: in vitro evaluation of implant site diameter.

Abstract

Abstract Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate implant site diameter after bony preparation using either conventional drilling (CD) or ultrasonic implant site preparation (UISP). Materials and Methods On bovine ribs, 3mm x 10mm implant sites were prepared using two different ultrasonic protocols, UISP1 (n = 16) and UISP2 (n = 16) and a conventional drilling protocol CD (n = 16). Implant sites were then filled with resin and both cortical and cancellous horizontal sections were made in order to measure the bucco-lingual (D1) and the mesio-distal (D2) diameters of each site. Also, implant sites were prepared on bovine ribs following UISP1 (n = 12), UISP2 (n = 12) and CD (n = 12) protocols and final insertion torque (IT) was measured for each preparation. The results were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test. Results Statistically significant differences were found between UISP1 (mean diameter = 3.161) and CD (mean diameter = 3.012) for D1 (P = 0.041), between UISP1 (mean diameter = 3.328) and CD (mean diameter = 3.039) for D2 (P = 0.001), between UISP1 (mean diameter = 3.328) and UISP2 (mean diameter = 3.005) for D2 (P < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were noted between UISP1 (mean diameter = 3.161) and UISP2 (mean diameter = 2.995) for D1 (p-value = 0.08), between CD (mean diameter = 3.012) and UISP2 (mean diameter = 2.995) for D1 (p-value = 0.290), and between CD (mean diameter = 3.039) and UISP 2 (mean diameter = 3.005) for D2 (p-value = 0.650). A significant difference was noted between UISP1-IT values (mean torque = 17.96 N/cm) and both UISP2-IT values (mean torque = 37.48 N/cm) (P < 0.001) and CD-IT values (mean torque = 40.99 N/cm) (P < 0.001). No statistically significant difference was noted between CD-IT (mean torque = 40.99 Ncm) and UISP2-IT (mean torque = 37.48 Ncm) (p-value = 0.488). Conclusion By following proper protocol UISP can be used as precisely as CD to prepare implant bed.