The effectiveness of theory-based smoking cessation interventions in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A meta-analysis

Abstract

Abstract Background Smoking cessation can effectively reduce the risk of death, alleviate respiratory symptoms, and decrease the frequency of acute exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Effective smoking cessation strategies are crucial for the prevention and treatment of COPD. Currently, clinical interventions based on theoretical frameworks are being increasingly used to help patients quit smoking and have shown promising results. However, theory-guided smoking cessation interventions have not been systematically evaluated or meta-analyzed for their effectiveness in COPD patients. In order to improve smoking cessation rates, this study sought to examine the effects of theory-based smoking cessation interventions on COPD patients. Methods Our research adopted a meta-analysis design. Two researchers conducted a search and evaluation of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that met the inclusion criteria. The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Wanfang Knowledge Service Platform, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP Information Services Platform, and China Biomedical Literature Service System were among the databases that were searched. The retrieval deadline for this search is from the establishment of the database up until April 20, 2023. Results A total of 11 RCTs involving 3,830 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Results showed that theory-based smoking cessation interventions improved smoking cessation rates, quality of life, and lung function in COPD patients compared to conventional nursing. However, these interventions did not significantly affect the level of nicotine dependence in patients. Conclusion Theory-based smoking cessation intervention as a non-pharmacologically assisted smoking cessation strategy has a positive impact on motivating COPD patients to quit smoking and improving their lung function and quality of life.