Frequency of oral lesions, olfactory and gustatory disorders and xerostomia in patients with COVID-19

Abstract

Abstract Objective To evaluate the frequency of oral lesions, olfactory and gustatory disorders and xerostomia resulting from COVID-19. Methods An observational study was conducted with 414 patients to evaluate the frequency of oral symptoms resulting from COVID-19. Patients were diagnosed with mild symptoms and evaluated through clinical examination of the oral cavity and a questionnaire to assess functional alterations. Results The findings showed that 139 out of 414 patients presented clinical manifestations, with oral lesions being the most prevalent (19.1%), followed by gustatory disorders (18.1%), xerostomia (14.2%), and olfactory dysfunction (14%). The most prevalent oral lesions were ulcerations (n = 51), candidiasis (n = 8), and erythema or red plaques (n = 7). Unfortunately, 50 (12.1%) patients died during the study. Conclusion Therefore, oral lesions, olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions and xerostomia are common symptoms associated with COVID-19 observed. However, it cannot be concluded that they are directly caused by SARS-CoV-2, since some drugs used in the treatment of COVID-19 may interact with the development of oral alterations and xerostomia.