Antimicrobial efficacy and cryogenic conservation of Solanum villosum grown under in vitro environment

Abstract

Abstract Solanum villosum is a wild distinguished medicinal herb that has few studies describing its medicinal properties with no sustainable production and conservation studies. In this study, in vitro cultures of microshoots and callus of Solanum villosum were multiplied in vitro on Murashige and Skoog media supplemented with different growth regulators. The MS media that have 2,4 Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and Kinetin at the levels of (2.0, 1.2 mg/L; respectively) were used for the induction and multiplication of callus that yielded the highest fresh weight of (6.03 ± 0.15) g. Cryopreservation was applied successfully to seeds using the dehydration technique and for both microshoots and callus using v-cryoplate technique. The highest regrowth rate was obtained in callus (95 ± 0.13) after pre-culturing callus on 0.3 M sucrose for 5 days. The most inhibited bacteria strains by microshoots extracts were, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus epidermidis (30 ± 0.25 and 25 ± 0.17 mm; respectively) using the disk diffusion assay. In MIC method; The extract obtained from microshoots achieved best results of MIC values (9.77 and 39.06 (µg/ml) against (Micrococcus luteus and Klebsiella pneumonia; respectively). A sustainable protocol of callus culture and cryopreservation protocol for in vitro Solanum villosum has been set for the first time which makes this research novel. Furthermore, promising results of antimicrobial activity for both in vitro and wild Solanum villosum were obtained.