Molecular surveillance of antimalarial drug resistance genes in Plasmodium falciparum isolates in Odisha, India: A decade after CQ withdrawal

Author:

Rana Ramakanta1,Khan Nikhat2,Sandeepta Sonali1,Pati Sanghamitra1,Das Aparup2,Bal Madhusmita1,Ranjit Manoranjan1

Affiliation:

1. ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre Bhubaneswar

2. ICMR-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health

Abstract

Abstract BACKGROUND: India has targeted to eliminate malaria by 2030. Surveillance of drug-resistant malaria parasites in different endemic settings country is a pressing need to achieve the target in the face of emerging drug resistance. In Odisha, the highest contributor of malaria cases to the national pool has changed the drug policy in 2009 following increasing of failure rate of treatment with chloroquine (CQ). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum molecular markers that are associated with resistance to CQ, S-P, and ART in Odisha 10 years after the institution of the new policy. METHODS: The study was conducted from July 2018 to November 2020 among the patients attending Government Health facilities, selected randomly in four different physiographical regions of the state. The prevalence of critical point mutations in the genes of Pfcrt (codon 76), Pfmdr1(codon 86), Pfdhfr (codons, 16, 50, 51, 59, 108, and 164), Pfdhps (codons 436, 437, 540, 581, and 613) and PfK13 gene were examined in parasite isolates. RESULTS: The prevalence of Pfcrt (K76T) was 2.1% and Pfmdr1 (N86Y) 3.4%. None of the five mutations in the Pfkelch13 gene associated with resistance to artemisininwas detected. The overall prevalence of Pfdhfr mutations was 50.4% with a total number of 12 genotypes. The Pfdhfr C59R mutation was the most common (41.8%), followed by the C50R mutation (40.8%) and S108N mutation (39.2%). The overall prevalence of Pfdhps mutations was 40.1% with a total number of 26 genotypes. The maximum number of mutations was found at codon S436A (26.7%) followed by A613S (17.6%) and K540E(17.2%). No isolate with Pfdhfr triple mutation (N51I/ C59R/S108N) combined with Pfdhps double mutation (A437G/K540E) was found in the studied sample. CONCLUSION: These results predict the return of susceptibility of P. falciparum to CQ ten years after the change of malaria treatment policy, while confirming the emergence of parasite resistance to S-P in the state of Odisha. Additional surveillance in the same region and other malaria-endemic parts of the country may help to provide evidence for drug policy updates.

Publisher

Research Square Platform LLC

Reference48 articles.

1. WHO. World Malaria Report. 2021 [Internet]. Organizations WWH, editor. Word Malar. Rep. Geneva World Heal. Organ. (2021). Licence CC. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Team, Global Malaria Programme; 2021.Availablefrom: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/ 9789240040496.

2. World Health Organization. World Malaria Report: 20 years of global progress and challenges [Internet]. World Heal. Organ. 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240015791.

3. Resistance to chloroquine in falciparum malaria in Assam state, India.e;Sehgal PN;J Commun Dis,1973

4. Farooq UMR. Drug resistance in malaria. J Vector Borne Dis [Internet]. 2004; 41:45–53. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15672556/.

5. Plasmodium falciparum Isolates in India Exhibit a Progressive Increase in Mutations Associated with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Resistance;Ahmed A;Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2004

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3