The supply of macro- and microelements to cotton plants at different distances from the pipes of fertilizer production factory

Abstract

Abstract Environmental pollution from industrial plants via air deposition is a globally urgent problem. The article presents the study of the influence of dust and gas emissions from a factory for the production of mineral fertilizers on cotton plants in Uzbekistan. The composition of technogenic dust deposited on plant leaves has been determined. The chemical composition of the above-ground and underground organs of cotton at different distances from the source of pollution has been established. The radius of aerial dispersion of industrial emissions was best described by measurements of the fluorine content in washed and unwashed cotton leaves. Empirical models have been developed that describe the relationship between P, K, Mg, Ca, S, F, and Mn in plant roots and leaves depending on the distance to the pollution source. The results of biometric observations were summarized and the yield of raw cotton was established. Zones of different levels of technogenic load on cotton plants were identified. It has been shown that the resistance of cotton against aerial pollution by acid gases (SO2 and H2S) from the emissions is determined by the ability of cotton plants to neutralize toxic compounds of their transformation by increasing the influx of alkaline earth metals to the affected tissues. This study showed the possibility of growing cotton in the vicinity of the fertilizer factory. Despite the resistance of cotton to industrial pollution, monitoring of areas identified as impact zones is recommended.