Sociodemographic characteristics and risk factors related to DENV infection among individuals from Luanda, Angola

Abstract

Abstract Background & objectives: Dengue caused by dengue virus (DENV) is the most widespread arbovirosis in the world. Around 100 million people are infected annually, causing a high economic burden for public health, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Herein, we investigate the sociodemographic characteristics and risk factors related to DENV infection among individuals from Luanda, the capital city of Angola. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out with 507 individuals screened for DENV in Luanda, between April to December 2021. Results: Overall, the DENV infection was 2.4%. The DENV positivity rate reduced with increasing age (41.7% in individuals under 20 years to 33.3% in individuals over 30 years). A lower risk of infection (OR: 0.64, p=0.507) in individuals aged over 40 years. DENV infection rate was higher among females, presenting 1.54 times more chances (CI: 0.48 - 4.91, p=0.468). All cases of DENV infection were from individuals living in urbanized regions. No statistically significant differences were observed between DENV with age group, gender, or residential area (p>0.05). Interpretation & conclusion: Our findings emphasize the need to implement programs or activities focused on the targeted prevention of infections transmitted by mosquito bites, early identification of signs and symptoms and effective treatment, especially in regions with high population density. The creation of programs for the surveillance of non-malarial febrile syndromes is crucial. In addition, further studies on risk factors for DENV infection should be carried out, especially in regions of Angola with high population density.