The Rhythm of Aging: Routine Preferences in Older Adults – Interplay of Personality, Self-control, Impulsiveness, and Intolerance for Uncertainty

Abstract

Abstract As the population of older adults grows, understanding factors that influence preference for routine becomes increasingly important. This study provides valuable insights into the complexities surrounding (non-) routine preferences, with implications for older adult well-being. We hypothesised that personality traits, self-control, impulsiveness, and intolerance of uncertainty would significantly contribute to an individual's preference for routine. Participants were 100 home-dwelling older adults (aged 65+). Using a survey design, preference for routine was assessed through self-reported measures. Quantitative data was collected using the personality traits (BFI), self-control (BSCS), impulsiveness (BTI), intolerance of uncertainty (IOU-12), and preference for routine (PFR) scales. The reliability of the scales was assessed using Cronbach's coefficient. The survey also included qualitative open-ended questions to gain insight into participants' subjective perspectives on routine preferences. Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis revealed significant associations between conscientiousness, neuroticism, self-control, intolerance of uncertainty and preference for routine. Extraversion, openness and impulsiveness were highly correlated with a preference for non-routine. Inductive Content Analysis identified content categories for routine (“Motivated Autonomy," "Efficiency and Structure," and "Psychological Well-being") and three for non-routine ("Unrestrained Exploration," "Emotional Discomfort," and "Resistance to Control"). Our study highlights that an individual's personality traits significantly influence their preference for (non-) routine in later life. Understanding these preferences is crucial for healthcare professionals, caregivers, and policymakers, as it allows for tailoring interventions and support for older adults based on their unique needs. This research emphasises the importance of recognising and accommodating individual differences among older adults, ultimately enhancing their well-being and quality of life.