Quantification of Damage and Yield Losses and Management of Meloidogyne Exigua in Arabica Coffee Treated With Biofertilizers, Biopesticides and Chemical Nematicide

Abstract

Abstract The objective of this work was to verify if biofertilizers, biopesticides and chemical nematicide reduced the population of M. exigua in coffee in 2019 and 2020. The treatments were: T1: Organic biofertilizer containing Bacillus subtilis, B. licheniformis and Lactobacillus sp. (Bio1); T2: Bio1 + Bio1; T3: Bio1 + 100% organic biofertilizer rich in organic matter, humic and fulvic acids (Bio2); T3: Bio1 + Bio2; T4: biopesticide based on B. subtilis and B. licheniformis (Bio3); T5: biopesticide based on Trichoderma harzianum (Bio4); T6: Fluensulfone; T7: Bio1 + Fluensulfone and T8: Control. The experiment was carried out in a field of arabica coffee cv. Catuaí in a randomized block design in an 8x6 factorial scheme (8 treatments x 6 collection periods) with four blocks. The evaluations were carried out at 0, 120, 180, 240, 360 and 420 days after application of the products (DAA). Yield losses and relative efficiency (RE) of the treatments was calculated. The treatment that most reduced the population of M. exigua in the roots was T7 (50.91) and in the soil was T6. The RE ranged from 34.77–45.04%. At 180 and 420 DAA we observed reduction of the nematode in the roots. The highest yields in 2019 were observed in plants treated with T1 and T5, whereas in 2020 it was in plants that received T2, T6 and T7. In 2019, except for T6, all treatments resulted in increased productivity. In 2020, the treatments that brought the most profit to the coffee grower were T6 and T7.