Low expression of GALNT6 gene in gliomas promotes immune infiltration and improves tumor prognosis using bioinformatics analysis

Abstract

Abstract Background The variation in the expression of GALNT6, an enzyme responsible for adding N-acetylgalactosamine, is linked to the growth of cancer cells and has the potential to serve as a novel indicator for the diagnosis and prognosis of tumors. However, its role and mechanisms in gliomas have not been thoroughly investigated. Our study aimed to examine the GALNT6 expression and its correlation with immune infiltration in gliomas, along with its prognostic significance in gliomas. Methods Access to the Cancer Genome Atlas database is available to assess tumor prognostic indicators, we analyzed the survival rate and expected survival time. The Kaplan-Meier method was utilized to create survival curves. Examining the correlation between GALNT6 and longevity through Cox regression and Nomogram forecasting models. Examining the correlation between clinicopathological characteristics and GALNT6 expression through logistic regression analysis. We also examined the mRNA expression of GALNT6 in tumour tissues and paracancerous tissues of glioma patients by RT-qPCR. The effect of interfering with GALNT6 expression in U87 cells was detected using Transwell cell invasion assay and cell scratch assay. Results The findings revealed a strong correlation between decreased GALNT6 expression and the status of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), as well as a significantly improved overall survival rate.The prognosis of glioma may be influenced by factors such as the status of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), codeletion of 1p/19q, age, and GALNT6 levels. The analysis of GO and KEGG pathways revealed the involvement of three signaling pathways in the regulation of the interaction between extracellular vesicles and GALNT6. In contrast, the mRNA level expression of GALNT6 in the paracancerous tissues was significantly lower than that in the tumour tissues, and the degree of cell invasion and migration were significantly reduced after interfering with the expression of GALNT6 in U87 cells. Conclusions Based on our analysis, it was found that reduced GALNT6 expression could potentially impede tumor advancement and enhance favorable prognosis to a certain degree.