Synchronous double primary tumors of liver (small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma)：A case report

Abstract

Abstract This study presents a case of dual primary liver cancer involving small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. The patient, a 58-year-old Chinese male with a medical history of viral hepatitis B, presented with right upper abdominal pain for one month. Imaging studies revealed multiple liver masses in segments SⅤ and SⅦ-Ⅷ, as well as a left lung mass. Hepatic biopsy was performed on both segments, and subsequent pathological analysis confirmed the presence of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma in segments SⅤ and SⅦ-Ⅷ, respectively. Following one cycle of chemotherapy, the lung mass exhibited a reduction in size, whereas the liver masses demonstrated an inadequate response to chemotherapy. Subsequently, the patient underwent Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization (TACE) and Hepatic Artery Infusion Chemotherapy (HIAC), resulting in partial remission (PR). However, the patient was diagnosed with brain metastasis and subsequently treated with Sorafenib and a Programmed Death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitor, specifically Tirelizumab. The efficacy evaluation indicated stability, and no severe adverse effects were observed at the time of writing. The patient's survival time was 11 months.