Enhancing implementation of information and communication technologies for post-discharge care among hospitalized older adult patients: development of a multifaceted strategy package using the Behavior Change Wheel and Implementation Research Logic Model

Abstract

Background The integration of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in clinical practice can supplement traditional care pathways on discharge education and has exhibited evident benefits in improving patient health outcomes. However, healthcare providers have reported difficulties in adopting such technologies. The existing evidence on interventions supporting the implementation of ICTs is insufficient, characterized by infrequent utilization or reporting of implementation theories in intervention designs. This study aims to outline the creation of a theory-informed strategy package to enhance the clinical implementation of ICTs for post-discharge self-care among hospitalized older adults. Methods This study systematically applies the Behavior Change Wheel (BCW) approach, involving behavior diagnosis, identification of intervention options, and intervention content selection, informed by conceptual frameworks, empirical data, and relevant literature. Additionally, the Implementation Research Logic Model is utilized to synthesize, organize, and visually present the collected data. Results This structured process identified and selected five intervention functions, 11 behavior change techniques, and four policy categories. A multifaceted strategy package was developed, containing four components: (i) flexible and sustainable training, (ii) mass media and opinion leader campaign, (iii) technology and workflow redesign, and (iv) regular corporate-level audit and feedback. Conclusions The study addresses the incomplete evidence base for interventions supporting clinical ICT implementation, presenting a practical, evaluable, and scalable theory-informed strategy package. By providing an example of the application of the BCW approach and logic model, this study contributes to the knowledge on implementation intervention design, offering valuable insights for researchers and practitioners aiming to improve healthcare providers' behavior change and post-discharge care management with technology-based interventions.