The Effect of Video-Guided Information on Anxiety and Pain in Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy: A Control Group Study

Abstract

Abstract Background/Aims In the present study, after adapting the Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) video produced by the European Association of Urology (EAU) into the Turkish language and showing it to the participating patients, we evaluated the effect on their anxiety and pain levels using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-I) anxiety form and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Materials and Method Involved in the study were 59 patients who were evaluated in three centers between 1 July and 1 October, 2020. The patients were divided into two groups, the first of which was asked to fill out a consent form, and was shown the video and provided with verbal and written information; while the second group was provided with a consent form and provided only verbal and written information. Each group completed the STAI-I Anxiety form after being given preoperative information, while the VAS was applied after the procedure. The patients’ age, sex, BMI, stone size, stone surface area, stone side, stone location, stone-to-skin distance, the mean number of shock waves required and fluoroscopy time were compared statistically with the scores of the VAS scores and the STAI-I. Results The mean age of the 59 study patients was 40.1 ± 13.1 (16–68); the mean stone size was 12.4 ± 4.5mm, and the mean stone surface area was 99.8 ± 77.4 (15–320). There was no statistical difference in sex, age, BMI, stone size, stone surface area, stone side, stone location or stone skin distance values recorded for the two groups. The STAI-I anxiety form score was higher in Group 1 than in Group 2, and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.004), and the recorded fluoroscopy time and VAS scores were lower in favor of Group 1 (p = 0.045 and p = 0.021) (Table 1). Conclusion Although the provision of video-guided information before ESWL led to an increase in anxiety in the patients, compliance during the procedure was improved, and the total fluoroscopy time and pain scores of the patients were decreased.