Multi-head Attention Spatio-temporal Graph Neural Networks for traffic forecasting

Abstract

Abstract Accurate traffic prediction is crucial for an intelligent traffic system (ITS). However, the excessive non-linearity and complexity of the spatio-temporal correlation in traffic flow severely limit the prediction accuracy of most existing models, which simply stack temporal and spatial modules and fail to capture spatio-temporal features effectively. To improve the prediction accuracy, a multi-head attention spatio-temporal graph neural networks (MSTNet) is proposed in this paper. First, the traffic data is decomposed into unique time spans that conform to positive rules, and valuable traffic node attributes are mined through an adaptive graph structure. Second, time and spatial features are captured using a multi-head attention spatio-temporal module. Finally, a multi-step prediction module is used to achieve future traffic condition prediction. Numerical experiments were conducted on an open-source dataset, and the results demonstrate that MSTNet performs well in spatio-temporal feature extraction and achieves more positive forecasting results than the baseline methods.