On the issue of protecting the cities of the southern aral sea region from salt winds and on their green development (based on the example of the city of Nukus)

Abstract

Abstract This article addresses the problem of improving the ecological situation in the cities of the Southern Aral Sea based on the example of the city of Nukus and its surroundings and the methods of protection from salt dust, which is carried out from the dried bed of the Aral Sea and salt marshes by wind. The analysis of existing studies, aimed at solving problems associated with salinization of the soil structure, is provided. The aim of this work is to assess the salinity of the groundwater of the city of Nukus and adjacent territories for implementing effective landscaping measures in the studied territory and creating a protective zone against salty dust around the city of Nukus. The data from engineering and geological surveys necessary for the design of buildings and structures along with the results of the research of the article’s authors were used to assess the salinity of the studied area. With the help of these results, schematic maps of groundwater salinization in the city of Nukus and its surroundings were made. The maps are compiled using the ArGIS computer program. It has been established that an increase in the groundwater level leads to additional salinization of soils, which further deteriorates the ecological situation in Nukus and adjacent territories and negatively affects green spaces. The ground waters of Nukus are mainly salted with chloride and sulfate salts. The results of studies of soil salinization in the Nukus District, which is located on the wind side of the city of Nukus, are also presented. Studies have shown that the groundwater of the cities of Nukus and Nukus District is subjected to salinization with chloride and sulfate salts. Therefore, when landscaping the city, it is necessary to take into account the nature of salinization of groundwater. In addition, to protect the territory of the city of Nukus, it is necessary to develop regulatory documents that will allow more efficient landscaping of the city territory, taking into account the salt content of groundwater. This will reduce the amount of salty dust that forms on the dried bottom of the Aral Sea.