Down-regulated ATF3 Promotes Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma Progression Through PAXIP1-AS2 and OIP5-AS1/ hsa-miR-221-3p/ATF3 Axis Regulation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

Abstract

Abstract Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most invasive type with high metastasis risk and high recurrence rate in renal cell carcinoma and there is a pressing need to explore novel prognostic predictors and therapeutic targets for ccRCC. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), an oncogene or a suppressor for tumor, has been poorly reported in ccRCC. Here, we comprehensively clarified the prognostic value and potential function of ATF3 in ccRCC. By analyzing ATF3 in ccRCC several TCGA-based online databases, we found that ATF3 expression is decreased in ccRCC and indicate that ATF3 is significantly associated with the prognosis of ccRCC patients. hsa-miR-221-3p might be the most potential regulatory miRNA of ATF3 in ccRCC. Prediction and analysis of upstream lncRNAs showed PAXIP1-AS2 and OIP5-AS1 might be the most potential upstream lncRNAs of hsa-miR-221-3p/ATF3 axis in ccRCC. GO and KEGG results implied that ATF3 is involved in the regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in ccRCC. Correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between ATF3 and ER stress. According to present study, down-regulated ATF3 promotes renal clear cell carcinoma progression through PAXIP1-AS2 and OIP5-AS1/ hsa-miR-221-3p/ATF3 axis regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress.