Trends and Outcomes of Heart Failure Hospitalizations during COVID-19 Pandemic
Author:
Rubens Muni1, Ramamoorthy Venkataraghavan2, Saxena Anshul3, Khosla Atulya Aman4, Doke Mayur5, McGranaghan Peter6, Appunni Sandeep7, Zhang Yanjia2, Körfer Daniel8, Chaparro Sandra3, Jimenez Javier3
Affiliation:
1. Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida 2. Baptist Health South Florida 3. Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University 4. William Beaumont University Hospital 5. University of Miami 6. Semmelweis University 7. Government Medical College 8. Miami Cardiac & Vascular Institute, Baptist Health South Florida
Abstract
Abstract
Background
COVID-19 has affected many hospitalizations. In this study, we intended to understand the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on heart failure hospitalizations in the state of California.
Method
This study was a retrospective analysis of California State Inpatient Database during March to December of 2019 and 2020. Adult hospitalizations with heart failure were included for the analysis. Main outcome variables were in-hospital mortality, mechanical ventilation, mechanical circulatory support, vasopressor use, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
Results
There were 450,771 (53.7%) heart failure hospitalizations during March to December of 2019, compared to 388,795 (46.3%) during March to December of 2020 (relative decrease, 13.7%). Heart failure hospitalization rates were lower during 2020, compared to 2019. Comparison of adverse hospital outcomes across the two-time frames showed that in-hospital mortality (2.9% versus 2.7%, P = 0.003), mechanical circulatory support (0.7% versus 0.5%. P < 0.001), vasopressor use (1.3% versus 1.0%, P < 0.001), and ARDS (0.1% versus 0.06%, P = 0.007) were significantly higher among hospitalizations in 2020. Regression analysis showed that the odds of in-hospital mortality (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.06–1.11), mechanical ventilation (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.05–1.09), vasopressor use (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.04–1.10), and ARDS (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.58–1.91) were significantly higher among heart failure hospitalizations in 2020.
Conclusions
Our study found that patients with heart failure hospitalized during the COVID-19 pandemic had greater in-hospital adverse events such as greater in-hospital mortality, mechanical ventilation use, vasopressor use, and ARDS. These findings warrant that heart failure required prompt hospitalization and treatment irrespective of restrictive mandates during COVID-19 pandemic.
Publisher
Research Square Platform LLC
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