Serum Immunoglobulin Levels in Group E of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Insights for Clinical Management and Immunoglobulin Therapy Strategies

Author:

Hai Cong Nguyen1,Ba Thang Ta2,Duc Thanh Bui1,Xuan Cuong Hoang3,Manh Tan Vu4

Affiliation:

1. Military Hospital 175

2. Military Hospital 103, Medical Military University

3. Medical Military University

4. Haiphong University of Medicine and Pharmacy

Abstract

Abstract

Objective The objective of this study was to describe serum immunoglobulin concentrations and clinical, subclinical characteristics in patients with group E of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods A prospective observational study assessed IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE levels in 67 COPD patients and 30 healthy controls at Military Hospital 103 from October 2017 to August 2020. Primary outcomes included Ig isotype levels in COPD patients, with secondary outcomes exploring differences compared to controls and associations with clinical variables. Results COPD patients showed significantly lower IgG concentrations and higher IgA levels than controls. IgM and IgE levels did not differ significantly. Subgroup analysis revealed notable decreases in IgG1 and IgG3 concentrations, with 10.4% of patients exhibiting reduced IgG levels and 0.3% diagnosed with common variable immunodeficiency. No significant associations were found between Ig levels and exacerbation risk or clinical variables. Conclusions Serum IgG and IgM concentrations were significantly reduced in COPD patients compared to normal individuals, with IgG1 and IgG3 concentrations notably low. Serum IgA levels were significantly higher in COPD patients compared with normal controls. However, no significant association was found between Ig concentrations, particularly serum IgG deficiency and its subclasses, with the frequency and risk of exacerbations during 12 months of longitudinal follow-up. Caution is warranted in the use of immunoglobulin therapy in the treatment of COPD patients. Trial registration An independent ethics committee approved the study (Ethics Committee of Military Hospital 103 (No. 57/2014/VMMU-IRB), which was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, Guidelines for Good Clinical Practice.

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Reference27 articles.

1. 2023 GOLD Report. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease - GOLD, <. https://goldcopd.org/2023-gold-report-2/, accessed: 05/15/2023.

2. Low serum free light chain is associated with risk of COPD exacerbation;Tanimura K;ERJ Open Res,2020

3. Lower serum IgA is associated with COPD exacerbation risk in SPIROMICS;Putcha N;PLoS ONE,2018

4. An association between neutrophils and immunoglobulin free light chains in the pathogenesis of COPD;Braber S;Am J Respir Crit Care Med,2012

5. McCullagh BN, Comellas AP, Ballas ZK et al. (2017). Antibody deficiency in patients with frequent exacerbations of COPD (COPD). PLoS ONE, 12(2).

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