Influence of the Geographic differences to the Genetic Variation and Distribution of Vector Borne Mosquito in Filariasis Endemic Areas of Central Java Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract Vector borne mosquito diseases are still as a public health problem in many countries in the world, including in Indonesia. Filariasis is a disease that is transmitted through mosquito bites and the cases are increasing in some areas in Indonesia. The information regarding the vector Culex quinquefasciatus species distribution and the genetic variation in Indonesia have not been reported. The objective of the study was to determine the influence of geographyc differences to the distribution and genetic variation of Cx. quinquefasciatus that was collected from 4 filariasis endemic areas in Central Java Indonesia. Mosquitoes were collected by using human landing collection method at night period. The mosquito distribution was analyzed with Kruskal Wallis test. DNAs of each mosquito specimens were then isolated and amplified by using 5 RAPD markers. DNA cluster analysis was done with MVSP™ software. A total of 396 mosquito specimens were collected and the PCR analysis revealed 945 fraghment, consisted of 40 monomorphic and 905 polymorphic fragments. The genetic similarities ranged from 0–75% in all collection areas. In conclusion, the study discovered up to a high genetic variation of Cx. quinquefasciatus and the distribution was significantly influenced by geographic position.