Determination of nitrosamines in human bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and investigation of relationships with bronchoscopic diagnoses

Abstract

In this study, the chemometrically optimized, simple and rapid isolation procedures combined with chromatographic techniques have been proposed for determination of volatile and tobacco specific nitrosamines in human bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples. Furthermore, these analyte concentrations were used to classify bronchoscopic diagnoses and their potential as biomarkers was investigated. The optimum conditions for the isolation of nitrosamines from BALF were chemometrically determined with central composite design (CCD).Validation parameters of nitrosamines obtained by Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) method under optimum isolation conditions are; recovery: 95% -101%; dedection limit (LOD): 0.40-13.69 pg/mL; quantification limit (LOQ):2.67–78.07 pg/mL and relative standard deviation (RSD): 1.50%-5.60%. Lines and pages must be numbered in the whole document. The samples were divided into 3 groups: patients with bronchoscopic diagnosis of inflammation and polypoid mass and control group. With the function created as a result of discriminant analysis, the samples were classified 100% correctly. The statistical analyze results indicated that in BALF samples especially NNN, NNK and NPIP can be used as both biomarker and indicator of increasing risk for diagnosis of polypoid mass.