Abstract
A landslide is a geological phenomenon where a mass of earth moves along a slope(wikipedia). It can be triggered by natural factors such as earthquakes, heavy rainfall, snowmelt, and erosion, as well as human activities like deforestation, construction on unstable slopes, mining, and excessive irrigation. The consequences of landslides include loss of human lives, property damage, and environmental disruptions(Germán Portillo, 2023)
According to a previous study conducted in the Tizi Ouzou province and corroborated by several press articles, the issue of landslides is recurrent, especially during rainy periods. No fewer than 39 out of 67 municipalities are affected by this geological phenomenon(Samy Y, 2021). These landslides occur on areas larger than 2 hectares. The seaside town of Tigzirt, located 39 km north of the province, has been impacted by multiple terrain instabilities in three distinct zones: the East zone, the Central zone, and the West zone(Nacira & Bachir, 2015b). More recently, the Amirouche Boulevard in Ain El Hammam, southeast of the province, was also threatened by a landslide, prompting the allocation of a financial package of 400 million Algerian dinars (DA) for demolition and the implementation of a reinforcement study(SAMIR LESLOUS, 2022). Unlike most landslide studies in the Tizi Ouzou province, which focus solely on precipitation and the geological and lithological structure of the terrain, we opted to use the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. This approach considers multiple factors to generate a reliable and comprehensive landslide susceptibility map for Tizi-Ouzou
Our study does not consider the occurrence of rain showers, which represent an exceptional case. Instead, it focuses on the risk assessment of landslides under normal conditions and with regular precipitation. This is why we have chosen the factor of proximity to the hydrographic network.