Association between systemic immune inflammation index and osteoarthritis in US adults: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Abstract Background The relationship between systemic immune inflammation index (SII) and the osteoarthritis (OA) has not been well established. This study aimed to investigate the associations between SII and OA risk using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2016. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from participants in NHANES 2005–2016. SII is calculated as platelet count × neutrophil count/lymphocyte count. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to explore the link between SII and osteoporosis, adjusting for potential confounders. Results A total of 18,459 participants were included, of which 1130 reported having OA. After adjusting for potential confounders, an inverse association was observed between SII and OA (OR = 1.27; 95% CI = 1.07–1.51, p = 0.006). Moreover, we also identify that SII of 515.56 is the optimal cut-off value, indicating that when the SII value exceeds the cut-off value, the risk increases rapidly. Conclusions In this large, nationally representative sample of U.S. adults, higher SII was negatively associated with the risk of OA. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings and elucidate potential underlying mechanisms.