Biosynthesized copper oxide nanoparticles using aloe vera leaves extract and their evaluation of antibacterial, anticancer in human Hela cancer cells

Abstract

Abstract This research work assessed the shape-dependent anti-cancer activity of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) synthesized from aloe vera leaf extract on the human HeLa cell line (ATCCCCL-2TM) and their antimicrobial action against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). The CuO NPs were synthesized by varying the concentration of precursor and aging time to obtain different shapes of nanoparticles. The synthesized particles had rod-like, cube-shaped, triangular, and spherical morphologies. The CuO NPs were examined against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The results showed that NPs inhibit the growth of these bacteria and antibacterial activity depends on the size and shape of CuO NPs. The minimum inhibition concentration obtained was 0.325 mgml− 1 for E. coli at 0.2 M and 24 hrs aging time. A dose-dependent reduction in cell viability was observed using CuO NPs. CuO NPs caused significant morphological alterations in Hela cell lines, including shrinkage, detachment, and distorted shape. These findings imply that different-shaped CuO NPs may inhibit bacterial growth, elevate oxidative stress, and induce apoptosis in addition shows cytotoxic effects on cancer cells.