Evaluating Endothelial Dysfunction in Post-COVID-19 Patients: Implications for Vascular Health

Abstract

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has presented unprecedented challenges to healthcare systems worldwide. Among its many impacts, the effect of the virus on vascular health, particularly endothelial function, has become a focal point of research. This study aims to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on endothelial function in a diverse Iraqi patient population. Methods In a cross-sectional study design, we assessed 284 patients from various regions in Iraq, including 100 females and 184 males, aged between 35 and 83 years. The evaluation of endothelial function was conducted using non-invasive methods such as flow-mediated dilation and biomarker analysis to measure endothelial integrity and inflammatory response. Results Our findings indicate that COVID-19 significantly impacts endothelial function, suggesting potential long-term risks to blood vessel integrity and increased cardiovascular risk. The effects were particularly pronounced in older age groups, highlighting the need for targeted vascular health monitoring in these patients. Conclusions The study reveals critical insights into the vascular implications of COVID-19. It underscores the importance of including assessments of endothelial function in the post-COVID-19 healthcare management plan, especially for older patients. These findings prompt the need for comprehensive strategies to mitigate the long-term cardiovascular effects of COVID-19 and improve patient care during and after the pandemic.