Hirschsprung disease: A cost analysis study of the direct, indirect costs and financial coping strategies for the surgical management in Western Uganda

Abstract

Abstract Background: Surgical management of Hirschsprung disease (HD) in low- and middle-income countries is typically a staged procedure, necessitating multiple hospitalizations and clinic visits increasing family financial burden. Currently there is limited information on the costs borne by caretakers of children with Hirschsprung disease seeking surgical intervention. This study seeks to measure the costs and economic burden of surgical treatment for Hirschsprung Disease in western Uganda. Methods: A cross-sectional study using cost analysis was conducted among caretakers of patients who completed surgical treatment of HD between January 2017 to December 2021 at two hospitals in western Uganda. The average direct and indirect costs incurred by caretakers presenting at a public and private hospital were computed. Results: A total of 69 patients (M: F = 7:1) were enrolled in the study. The median age at diagnosis was 60.5 (IQR 3 - 151.25) days for children and 2- staged pull through procedure was the common surgery performed. The mean overall cost for treatment was US $960 (SD = $720), with the majority of costs coming from direct medical costs. Nearly half (48%) of participants resorted to distress financing to finance their child’s surgical care. The overwhelming majority of patients (n = 64, 93%) incurred catastrophic expenditure from the total costs of surgery for HD, and 97% of participants fell below the international poverty line at the time treatment was completed. Conclusion:Despite the availability of ‘free care’ from government hospital and non-profit services, this study found that surgical management of Hirschsprung disease imposed substantial cost burden on families with Hirschsprung disease patients.